Mangroves as Natural Shields: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Mitigating Natural Disasters and Conservation Strategies

Mugilan S

Forest Products and Utilization, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam – (641 301), India.

Manivasakan S

ICAR- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University- KVK, Doddabetta, The Nilgiris – (643 002), India. c Department of Forest Products and Wildlife, Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU,

Baranidharan K *

Department of Forest Products and Wildlife, Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu (641 301), India.

Jayabalakrishnan R M

ICAR- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University- KVK, Doddabetta, The Nilgiris – (643 002), India.

Ragunath K P

Centre for Water and Geospatial Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – (641 003), India.

Hemalatha P

Department of Forest Products and Wildlife, Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu (641 301), India.

Ravi R

Department of Forest Products and Wildlife, Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu (641 301), India.

Krishnamoorthi S

Department of Forest Products and Wildlife, Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu (641 301), India.

*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.


Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of natural disasters on coastal regions worldwide. This comprehensive review paper synthesizes multidisciplinary studies to explore the contribution of mangroves in reducing the risk of catastrophes such as storm surges, tsunamis, hurricanes, and coastal erosion. By analysing the complex relationships between mangroves and natural disasters, we delve into factors such as species composition, forest structure, hydrological regimes, and coastal geomorphology. Additionally, we investigate the socioeconomic implications of mangrove conservation and restoration efforts, highlighting their potential to enhance resilience and sustainable development in coastal communities. The paper presents a detailed examination of wave characteristics, types, and attenuation mechanisms, focusing on how mangrove features such as prop roots, knee roots, and pneumatophores influence wave dissipation. We discuss various numerical and statistical models used to predict wave attenuation through mangroves, providing insights into their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we explore global and India-specific mangrove cover status, important species, and conservation measures, including legal frameworks and initiatives by governmental and non-governmental organizations. Finally, the review underscores the urgency of conserving and restoring mangrove ecosystems to safeguard both human well-being and ecological integrity in the face of escalating climate-related threats. It advocates for evidence-based decision-making and policy development in disaster risk management and climate adaptation, emphasizing the pivotal role of mangroves as natural shields against natural calamities. Overall, this paper contributes to the understanding of mangrove-mediated hazard reduction and provides guidance for maximizing the resilience of coastal communities in an increasingly volatile world.

Keywords: Mangroves, natural shield, mitigation, ecosystem services, resilience


How to Cite

Mugilan S, Manivasakan S, Baranidharan K, Jayabalakrishnan R M, Ragunath K P, Hemalatha P, Ravi R, and Krishnamoorthi S. 2024. “Mangroves As Natural Shields: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Mitigating Natural Disasters and Conservation Strategies”. Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology 23 (7):1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i7559.